unit 31 P2

Explain different uses of animation
There are many different things that would use animation.  For example there would be:

• Advertising
• Creative arts
• Entertainment
• Education
• Simulation

Advertising

There are multiple different examples of advertisement that use animation.  A good example of an advert that uses animation would be the Lloyds TSB advert on the TV.  This advert uses a cartoon type of animation.  the advert shows many different people taking out loans for many different types of things.  The use of animation will make the advert seem less serious about people getting a bank and it shows that people who do actually bank with Lloyds are happy.

Creative arts
A good example of someone that used animation on the creative arts would be Walt Disney.  He did lots of animation.  One of the first of examples of Walt Disney's animation was Mickey Mouse.  When Disney was 7, he was drawing sketches and selling them on the street.  Later on in his career, 1928 to be exact, Disney did a sketch of something that was to be one of the most popular sketches of the last generation, Mickey Mouse.  The reason Disney used animation in his work was because it was made for children so if it is in cartoon, the children will enjoy it more rather than documentaries and other things like that.

Entertainment
There are a lot of different examples of entertainment that use animation as a technique in their work.  A really good example of entertainment that uses animation would be The Simpsons.  The Simpsons have been around  for a long time now and hey are still making the people who are watching their program laugh.  One reason The Simpsons are so well known is because they have on.  For example, they have had Simon Cowell and Benedict Cumberbatch in some of them.  There have been many more than that.  The reason this program uses animation is so that it isn't taken too seriously so people can learn to enjoy it as children and adults
 
Education
A good example of education that uses animation could be on BBC bitesize.  This uses things such as lego and other things.  This will make the experience of learning more enjoyable.  Below is an example of the things that are on it.











Simulation
There are so many examples of simulation that use animation, I can't name them all.  A good example would be Truck simulator.  This uses animation in many aspects of the game.  The first example i am going to talk about is the fact that the cars are as real as they can possibly look.  The reason they do this is so that  the game looks as real as it possibly can do.

Explain different types of animation Unit 31 P1 Anthony Kennard

What is animation?

Animation is the process of creating the uninterrupted motion and shape change illusion by means of quick display of a sequence of still images that slightly change from each other.  Animations can be recorded on analogue media, such as Flip book, motion picture film or video tape.  They can also be stored on digital media formats such as GIF, flash animation.  Animation creation methods include the traditional animation creation method and those involving stop frame animation using 3D shapes.  With stop frame animation, images are displayed in rapid succession, it is normally about 24, 25 or maybe even 30 frames per second.

Edison
Thomas Alva Edison did a lot of things in his life to do with inventing, science.  He was a very good businessman that made a massive impact on life during that era and even nowadays.



Edison invented the Kinetoscope that was an early attempt at a motion picture device.  It was not a movie projector.  The way it was designed was for films to be shown through a window of a cabinet that contained the machines components.  The invention of the Kinetoscope was the introduction that would become the standard of all cinematic projection before video.

On the 14th of April 1894, the first commercial exhibition of motion pictures in history was given in New York City, NY.  10 of Edison's Kinetoscopes were used at this event.  The Kinetoscope was instrumental to the birth of American film culture and it also had a huge impact in Europe



Lumiere brothers
The Lumiere brothers, Auguste and Louis, were sons of well known  Lyons based painter Antoine Lumiere.  both of them were very technically minded and did very well in science at school and both got sent to a technical school.



Antoine, who noted the progress of his photographic processes, abandoned his art work and decided to set up a business that was manufacturing and selling photographic equipment.

The Lumiere brothers worked all the way through the winter of 1894 with Auguste making the first experiments.  The aim of this was to try and overcome the problems with the peephole kinetoscope that was made by Thomas Edison.  the first main problem that they found with his device was the fact that it was very bulky.  The kinetoscope and the camera were massive pieces of machinery and along with the weight meant that the device was restricted to the studio that it was made in.

The other problem they saw with Edison's device was the viewer because it meant that only one person could actually embrace the film at a time which meant that people were waiting a very long time to watch their film.

The brothers had actually invented and developed a device which combined the camera, printer and the projector.  They decided to call it the Cinematographe.  They first tried it on the 13th of February 1895.  There was a number of advantages that the brother's device had over Edison's device.  The first of which was the fact that it was muck lighter than the kinetoscope, Lumiere's only weighed 5 kilo grams.  It was also hand cranked.  The Lumiere machine only used a film speed of 16 fps, which was much slower than Edison's but this meant that less film was used and the clatter and grinding associated with Edison's machine was considerably reduced.



Computer animation techniques
There are many different ways that movement is achieved on computer.  For example, there is:

• frame by frame
• tweening/morphing
• masking

Frame by Frame

Frame by frame helps movement be achieved on a computer.  Frame by frame is mainly used in stop frame animation.  Stop frame is an animation technique that is used to make an object look like it is moving on its own.  This is done by taking multiple pictures, each with the object slightly moving so that it looks like it is moving but you have to only change it the tiniest bit each time so that it looks like it is one fluid motion.

A good example of something that uses Stop Motion and Frame by frame is Wallace and Gromit, made by Nick Park.  Wallace and Gromit are made by making two clay models and taking a large number of images and then putting them in order to make a fluid image.  The human eye can only process 30 frames per second and one Wallace and Gromit film is 30 minutes long which is 1800 seconds so that means that there is at least 54000 which is why it takes so long.

Tweening/morphing

Tweening, short for inbetweening, is the process of generating intermediate frames between two images to give the impression that the first image moves smoothly into the second one.

Morphing is a computer technique that used in films.  it is when one image is slowly changed into another.  it is a good technique because it means that the slight individual changes are Unnoticeable in the process.  This image is a good example of Arnold Schwarzenegger being changed to look like George W. Bush.

Tweening achieves movement on a computer because it is when the differences in the key frames is calculated  by the computer.

Masking

Masking is when part of a scene is covered up so that something else can be inserted later.  this is mainly done on computers so that they can do all the bits with that scene/background and then they can do a bit which would be in between them and insert it into the film on a computer program.